Optimal. Leaf size=63 \[ \frac{b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^4}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{4 c \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}+\frac{\log \left (a+b x^4+c x^8\right )}{8 c} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.119409, antiderivative size = 63, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 18, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.278 \[ \frac{b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^4}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{4 c \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}+\frac{\log \left (a+b x^4+c x^8\right )}{8 c} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In] Int[x^7/(a + b*x^4 + c*x^8),x]
[Out]
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Rubi in Sympy [A] time = 19.5677, size = 54, normalized size = 0.86 \[ \frac{b \operatorname{atanh}{\left (\frac{b + 2 c x^{4}}{\sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}} \right )}}{4 c \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}} + \frac{\log{\left (a + b x^{4} + c x^{8} \right )}}{8 c} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] rubi_integrate(x**7/(c*x**8+b*x**4+a),x)
[Out]
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Mathematica [A] time = 0.0387938, size = 62, normalized size = 0.98 \[ \frac{\log \left (a+b x^4+c x^8\right )-\frac{2 b \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^4}{\sqrt{4 a c-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt{4 a c-b^2}}}{8 c} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In] Integrate[x^7/(a + b*x^4 + c*x^8),x]
[Out]
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Maple [A] time = 0.003, size = 60, normalized size = 1. \[{\frac{\ln \left ( c{x}^{8}+b{x}^{4}+a \right ) }{8\,c}}-{\frac{b}{4\,c}\arctan \left ({(2\,c{x}^{4}+b){\frac{1}{\sqrt{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}}}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] int(x^7/(c*x^8+b*x^4+a),x)
[Out]
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Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \[ \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x^7/(c*x^8 + b*x^4 + a),x, algorithm="maxima")
[Out]
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Fricas [A] time = 0.277341, size = 1, normalized size = 0.02 \[ \left [\frac{b \log \left (\frac{2 \,{\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{4} + b^{3} - 4 \, a b c +{\left (2 \, c^{2} x^{8} + 2 \, b c x^{4} + b^{2} - 2 \, a c\right )} \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}}{c x^{8} + b x^{4} + a}\right ) + \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 \, a c} \log \left (c x^{8} + b x^{4} + a\right )}{8 \, \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 \, a c} c}, -\frac{2 \, b \arctan \left (-\frac{{\left (2 \, c x^{4} + b\right )} \sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}\right ) - \sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} \log \left (c x^{8} + b x^{4} + a\right )}{8 \, \sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} c}\right ] \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x^7/(c*x^8 + b*x^4 + a),x, algorithm="fricas")
[Out]
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Sympy [A] time = 6.10944, size = 223, normalized size = 3.54 \[ \left (- \frac{b \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}}{8 c \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )} + \frac{1}{8 c}\right ) \log{\left (x^{4} + \frac{- 16 a c \left (- \frac{b \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}}{8 c \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )} + \frac{1}{8 c}\right ) + 2 a + 4 b^{2} \left (- \frac{b \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}}{8 c \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )} + \frac{1}{8 c}\right )}{b} \right )} + \left (\frac{b \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}}{8 c \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )} + \frac{1}{8 c}\right ) \log{\left (x^{4} + \frac{- 16 a c \left (\frac{b \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}}{8 c \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )} + \frac{1}{8 c}\right ) + 2 a + 4 b^{2} \left (\frac{b \sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}}{8 c \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )} + \frac{1}{8 c}\right )}{b} \right )} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x**7/(c*x**8+b*x**4+a),x)
[Out]
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GIAC/XCAS [A] time = 0.277033, size = 80, normalized size = 1.27 \[ -\frac{b \arctan \left (\frac{2 \, c x^{4} + b}{\sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right )}{4 \, \sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} c} + \frac{{\rm ln}\left (c x^{8} + b x^{4} + a\right )}{8 \, c} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x^7/(c*x^8 + b*x^4 + a),x, algorithm="giac")
[Out]